Method of making bolts.



E. I. nouns;

METHOD OF MAKING BOLTS. APPLICATION FILED MAR- 31. I914.

1 1 89,072 Patented June 27, 1916.

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THE COLUMBIA PLANDGRAPH C0., WASHINGTON, D

Patented June 27, 1916. 2 HEETSSHEET 2- E. I. DODDS.

METHOD OF MAKING BOLT APPLICATION FILED mung I9 WITNESSES UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE.

ETHAN I. DODDS, OF ZELIENOPLE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 KERNER MANUFAC-TUBING- COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENN-SYLVANIA.

METHOD OF MAKING BOLTS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 31, 1914. Serial No. 828,495.

1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ETHAN I. Donos, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Zelienople, in the county of Butler and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Methods ofMaking Bolts, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, formingpart of this specification, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of ablank from which the bolts are formed; Fig. 2 is a similar view of theblank after it has passed through the first step; Fig. 3 is a similarview of the blank after it has been pierced; Fig. 4c is a further viewof the blank after it has been twisted; Fig. 5 is a similar view of theblank after-the body portion has been restored to its initial crosssection; Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a finished bolt; Fig. 7 is a sideelevation of an apparatus for reducing the body of the blank; Fig. 8 isa sectional plan view of the piercing dies; Fig. 9 is a sectional viewon the line IXIX of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is an end view of one form ofclosing dies; and Fig. 11 is a side elevation of rolls for restoring thebody to its initial cross sectional area after it has been pierced.

The object of my invention is to provide a I method whereby I canreadily and cheaply make a bolt having a body portion comprising aplurality of members twisted about each other and which extend fromintegral heads at the ends thereof, and in which the body portion is ofreduced diameter and is provided with the outer scale formed whileworking the metal. In manufacturing these bolts by one of my methods, Itake a blank of approximately the diameter of, or slightly greater than,the heads, then reduce the body portion to the proper diameter, andafterward pierce the body portion to form twoseparate members extendingfrom head to head, and then close the opening made by the piercing dieto restore the body portion to its initial cross section, and then twistthe members of the body portion about the axis of the bolt, or themembers between the heads may be twisted about each other before theopenings are closed.

I am aware that it is old to form bolts of a plurality of members, upsetand weld the head portions to form heads of a greater diameter than thebody portion, then twist the body portion and thread the heads. I amalso aware that it is old to form bolts from a single member which hasbeen slotted by means of a saw, threaded and then the portions betweenthe threads turned off to reduce the body of the bolt to a diameter lessthan the bottom of the threads. In this last constructiom'the scaleformed by rolling the metal while hot is removed, which greatly reducesthe strength of the bolt and at the same time provides a surface whichis more readily attacked by foreign matter in the feed water forboilers.

The precise nature of my invention will be best understood by referenceto the accompanying drawings, which will now be described, it beingpremised, however, that various devices may be used to carry out myinvention, without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention,as defined in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

the reference character 2 designates an apparatus for reducing the bodyportion of the bolt. Y In carrying out the first step of my 'invention,I take a blank such as shown at A in Fig. l, the diameter of which isequal to or slightly greater than the diameter of the heads of thefinished bolt, and reduce the body portion by means of apparatus such asshown in Fig. 7, or by any other well known apparatus, to form a blanksuch as shown at B in Fig. 2, which is provided with heads 3 and a bodyportion 4. This blank is then placed in holding members or dies'5, suchas shown in Figs. 8 and 9, and the body portion pierced by means of apunch 6 to form a blank such as shown at C in Fig. 3, having an opening7 in the body portion thereof ex tending from approximately one head tothe other head.

As can be seen by reference to Fig. 3, the body portion has been slottedby means of the punch or piercing member. I then twist the body of theblank about the axis of the bolt 90 degrees or more to form a blank suchas shown at D in Fig. 4, and then restore the body portion to itsinitial cross sectional area, as shown at E in Fig. 5, by means of dies8 in Fig. 10, or if desired by means of rolls 9, as shown in Fig. 11.The heads 3 are then threaded to form the finished bolt,

as shown in Fig. 6. One or both of the heads may be provided with atelltale hole 10, which extends from the center of the outer edge of oneof the heads toward or into the body of the metal of one of the bodyportions.

If desired, the body portion may be restored to its initial crosssectional area by means of dies or rolls immediately after it has beenpierced, and then twisted about its axis, but I prefer to twist the bodyfirst and then reduce or restore the body to its initial cross sectionalarea,as by this method I am enabled to turn out blanks, such as shown atE in Fig. 5, which will be absolutely straight. I prefer to heat theblanks before passing them through the various operations, but ifdesired, the bolt can be made from a cold blank.

If desired, I can first :pierce a blank, such as shown at A in Fig. 1,then twist the body portion, and then reduce it by means of apparatussuch as shown in Fig. 7,. or any other suitable apparatus to form ablank such as shown at E in Fig. 5.

In carrying out the step in this sequence, it will readily be understoodthat the slot pierced in the blank would not be as long as the slotshown at 7 in Fig. 3, as the slot would naturally be elongated with thebody during the process of reducing and elongating the body portion.

By piercing, or forming an opening in the blank, as set forth in thespecification and claims, I mean forming an opening entirely through, orthrough the major portion of, the body without removing any metal.

The advantages of my invention result from the provision of a method bywhich I am enabled to produce abolt from a one-piece blank without theloss of any material, and in which the bolt is provided with a pluralityof heads and a body portion formed of a plurality of separate membersextending from head to head, which are provided with the initial rolledscale.

Coples'oi this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Another advantage results from the provision of a method whereby Iam enabled to form perfectly straight blanks without passingthe blanksthrough a straightening process.

I claim:

1. The method of making bolts having heads at each end, which consistsin reducing the central portion of a blank, then piercing and spreadingthe central portion without removing any of the metal, and thenrestoring the central portion to its initial cross-sectional area;substantially as described.

2. The method of making bolts having enlarged heads at each end andreduced body portion, which consists in providing a blank whose diameteris approximately equal to the diameter of the heads, then reducing thecentral portion of the blank by compression to reduce it toapproximately the diameter of the body of the finished bolt and piercingand spreading the body portion without removing any of the metal, andthen restoring the body portion to approximately its initial crosssectional area.

3. The method of making bolts having enlarged heads at each end and areduced body portion, which consists in providing a blank ETHAN I.DODDS.

Witnesses:

Jnssn B. I'IELLER, H. M. CORWIN.

Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. O.

